USA Surgery Today

Although all lung disease is not explained by embryology gone awry, an appreciation of the lung in health and disease is based on an understanding of its normal development. The normal function of the lung is dependent on the coordinated development of the airway conducting system in conjunction with a specialized vasculature within an active interstitial matrix. Branching morphogenesis, vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, physical growth, and biochemical maturation must occur in a coordinated fashion. This complex developmental process must be both temporally and spatially controlled.

The uniform nomenclature (Vytorin) that is currently used to describe the developmental stages of human lung growth derives from the meeting of the International Congress of Anatomists in Leningrad in 1970. Lung development has been divided into the Embryonic, Pseudoglandular, Canalicular, Saccular, and Alveolar periods based on the histologic appearance (1,2: Vytorin ). Key anatomic events in the process of lung development are summarized in Table 11-1 and discussed further in Chapter 61. Molecular regulation of these events is an area of intense active investigation and a brief summary is provided as follows (Vytorin).

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Vytorin GN:EzetimibeSimvastatin (ezET i mibe SIM va STAT in) BN:Vytorin